Psoriasis/Psoriatic Arthritis Patients Do Not Have an Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A General Population-Based Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Objectives The increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been reported in several autoimmune rheumatic diseases.[1] A few studies on the risk of VTE among patients with psoriatic disease (PsO or PsA) have been reported,[2] however, they are limited due to the use of a prevalent cohort which may be prone to survival bias, the use of selected samples from hospitals,[2] and the lack of adjustment for medications,[2] especially medications that are known risk factors for VTE like contraceptives.[3] Objectives: 1) To estimate the overall risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) including pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in a population-based incident psoriasis (PsO)/psoriatic arthritis (PsA) cohort from an entire province of Canada; 2) to estimate the trend of risks of VTE, PE, and DVT after PsO/PsA diagnosis up to 5 years comparing with the general population. Methods Using a population-based administrative database that includes all residents of British Columbia, Canada, we created a large cohort of all patients with incident PsO/PsA and matched them with non-PsO/PsA (1:1). We compared incidence rates (IRs) of VTE, PE, and DVT between the 2 groups and calculated hazard ratios (HRs) according to follow-up period, adjusting for potential VTE risk factors and confounders. Results Among 142,315 incident PsO/PsA patients (51.7% female, mean age 51), the IRs of VTE, PE, and DVT were 2.29, 0.94, and 1.81 cases per 1,000 person-years in the PsO/PsA cohort, respectively, comparing with 1.94, 0.83, and 1.53 cases per 1,000 person-years in the non-PsO/PsA cohort. Compared with the non-PsO/PsA cohort, multivariable HRs for VTE, PE, and DVT among the PsO/PsA cohort were 1.08 (1.04-1.11), 1.06 (1.00-1.12), and 1.07 (1.03-1.12) (Figure). Conclusion Unlike most inflammatory diseases, patients with psoriatic disease do not have an increased risk of VTE, PE and DVT compared to individuals from the general population. [1.] Aviña-Zubieta JA. Ann Rheum Dis 2019;78:480-5. [2.] Zöller B. Lancet 2012;379:244-9. [3.] Anderson FA. Circulation 2003;107:I9-16.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".