Bibliographic record
Abstract
Ophiomyia cf. frosti Spencer (Fig. 69) Material examined. OKLAHOMA: Payne Co., Meham, 36.014339° N, - 96.996744° W, 16– 21.iii.2018, em. 29.iii.2018, M.W. Palmer, ex Lactuca, # CSE4412, CNC1135643 (1♀); 23.iii.2018, em. 8.iv.2018, # CSE4413, CNC1135644–1135646 (3♁); 1.iv.2018, em. 8.iv.2018, # CSE4414, CNC1144112–1144113 (2♀); 4.iv.2018, em. 15.iv.2018, # CSE4453, CNC1135650 (1♁). Host. * Asteraceae: Lactuca L. Leaf mine. (Fig. 69) Whitish, upper-surface (nearly full-depth), extending along the midrib from the base of the petiole to the blade, where irregular lobes or branches extend to either side (these may be partially green and interparenchymal); ~ 5 cm long in total. Frass is deposited densely along the midrib. Puparium. Black, formed within a leaf (not necessarily the one with the conspicuous mine), on the lower surface near the base of the petiole, with the anterior spiracles projecting through the lower epidermis. Phenology and voltinism. In Oklahoma, larvae and puparia (some already empty) have been found beginning in mid-March, with adults emerging from late March to mid-April. The holotype of O. frosti was collected in New York on 16 May (Spencer & Steyskal 1986). Distribution. USA: NY (Spencer & Steyskal 1986), *OK. Comments. Ophiomyia frosti was described from a single caught adult. Spencer & Steyskal (1986) noted that it closely resembles O. pulicaria (Meigen), known from western Canada and common in Europe, where it feeds on various genera of Cichorieae including Lactuca, forming midrib-based mines that are apparently indistinguishable from those from which our Oklahoma specimens were reared. The new specimens differ from the type in usually having two ori (not three), but there is sometimes one on one side, and one male has three on one side. The specimens are slightly larger, with a wing length of 2.8–3.0 mm (not 2.3 mm); the male genitalia appear to match those of the holotype (Spencer & Steyskal 1986: Figs. 187, 188). Ophiomyia pulicaria differs in being smaller (wing length 1.9–2.2 mm), and in having a very broad and apically flattened distiphallus and an H-shaped basiphallus (ventral view—see Spencer (1976: Fig. 97)).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".