Additional file 5: of An experimental model of Braak’s pretangle proposal for the origin of Alzheimer’s disease: the role of locus coeruleus in early symptom development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
No tangle formation is apparent in htauE14 brains. a1–a2. Ten min 90 °C heat treatment quenches GFP signal in a htauE14-EGFP brain. a1 shows GFP+ locus coeruleus cells without heat treatment, and a2 shows GFP quenching with heat in another section of the same brain. b–c. Thioflavin staining of neurofibrillary tangles in a TgCRND81 mouse (gift from Dr. Bennett at University of Ottawa) section without heat treatment (b1–b2) and with heat treatment (c1–c2). Heat treatment does not prevent the detection of thioflavin-positive tangles. Arrows indicate stained tangles. b2 and c2 are enlargements from the red square areas in b1 and c1 correspondingly. d. Thioflavin staining in nonTg control mouse tissue showing no tangle formation. e–g. No tangle formation in a 21-month-old htauE14 rat 7 months post-infusion. e1–e2, Locus coeruleus; f, hippocampus; g, piriform cortex. h–j. No tangle formation in an 11-month-old htauE14 rat 8 months post-infusion. h1–h2, Locus coeruleus; i, hippocampus; j, piriform cortex. All tissues in panels e–j were treated with heat before thioflavin staining. Scale bars, 100 μm. 1Granger et al. A TgCRND8 mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease exhibits sexual dimorphisms in behavioral indices of cognitive reserve. J Alzheimers Dis. 2016, 53(1), 757–73. (PDF 1211 kb)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.025 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.873 | 0.096 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".