Genomic characterization and virulence of Streptococcus suis serotype 7 sequence type 373 of clonal complex 94
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Streptococcus suis is a swine pathogen that also causes invasive infections in humans, leading to significant economic losses in pig production worldwide. Serotype 2 is the most pathogenic S. suis strain associated with human infections. However, non-serotype 2 strains isolated from humans have been reported globally. Here, we conducted a comparative genomic analysis of S. suis serotype 7-ST373 strains belonging to clonal complex 94, isolated from both humans and pigs, and assessed their virulence through mouse infection experiments. Genomic analysis revealed that S. suis serotype 7-ST373 strains harbor genomic islands 1–3 of the pathogenic S. suis clade. They also possess a high number of virulence-associated genes, similar to those of virulent serotype 2 strains, suggesting a high virulence potential. The antimicrobial resistance gene tet(O), which confers tetracycline resistance, was found in all ST373 strains, while erm(B), which confers macrolide resistance, was detected in most ST373 strains. However, the macrolide and lincosamide resistance genes lnu(B) and lsa(E) were found exclusively in a Thai human strain. Comparative genomics of ST373 strains with the virulent serotype 2 strain P1/7 identified 76 unique genes in ST373 strains, including 30 genes exclusively present in human ST373 strains. Mouse virulence experiments with two human ST373 strains (GX69 and STC2826) and one strain from a healthy pig (WUSS318) resulted in 100% mortality, classifying them as highly virulent. These findings indicate that serotype 7-ST373 strains demonstrate pathogenic potential and should be closely monitored.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".