Immunometabolic Factors Associated with Variations in Body Composition and Exercise Response in Diet-Sensitive and Diet-Resistant Women with Obesity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, our collaborative research team at the Ottawa Hospital and the University of Ottawa have extensively investigated molecular and metabolic differences between individuals with obesity in the highest (DS) and lowest (DR) quintiles for rate of weight loss following 6 weeks of caloric restriction. Research on these cohorts of individuals with extreme phenotypes in diet-response has revealed that DS individuals have several skeletal muscle metabolic advantages, including increased proportions of type I oxidative fibres, increased mitochondrial proton leak, enhanced fatty acid metabolism, and a greater antioxidant capacity. Regular physical exercise provides a vast array of beneficial effects to metabolic health, including increases in skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetic capacity and muscle cross-sectional area, leading to the hypothesis that exercise may be particularly beneficial to women with diet-resistant obesity. The overall aim of this thesis was to determine whether six weeks of exercise training improves skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and attenuates chronic low-grade inflammation in women with obesity previously identified as diet-sensitive (DS) and diet-resistant (DR). Here, we demonstrate that exercise training improves body composition, enhances cellular maximal respiration, and increases mitochondrial length preferentially in DR women. Contrary to our hypothesis, exercise training increased skeletal muscle IKK-NFκB inflammatory signaling to a greater extent in DR individuals, despite improvements in systemic cytokine concentrations. In response to an inflammatory challenge, LPS-treated primary myotubes derived from DR and DS skeletal muscle responded similarly and respiratory capacity was preserved. Taken together, these findings suggest that exercise can be especially beneficial as part of a treatment plan for DR individuals, and that DS and DR skeletal muscle have systemic and mechanistic differences in inflammatory responses.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".