Cerebrospinal fluid volume improves prediction of malignant edema after endovascular treatment of stroke
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background:The ratio of intracranial cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume to intracranial volume (ICV) has been identified as a potential predictor of malignant edema formation in patients with acute ischemic stroke.Aims:We aimed to evaluate the added value of the CSF/ICV ratio in a model to predict malignant edema formation in patients who underwent endovascular treatment.Methods:We included patients from the MR CLEAN Registry, a prospective national multicenter registry of patients who were treated with endovascular treatment between 2014 and 2017 because of acute ischemic stroke caused by large vessel occlusion. The CSF/ICV ratio was automatically measured on baseline thin-slice noncontrast CT. The primary outcome was the occurrence of malignant edema based on clinical and imaging features. The basic model included the following predictors: age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, Alberta Stroke Program Early CT score, occlusion of the internal carotid artery, collateral score, time between symptom onset and groin puncture, and unsuccessful reperfusion. The extended model included the basic model and the CSF/ICV ratio. The performance of the basic and the extended model was compared with the likelihood ratio test.Results:Malignant edema occurred in 40 (6%) of 683 patients. In the extended model, a lower CSF/ICV ratio was associated with the occurrence of malignant edema (odds ratio (OR) per percentage point, 1.2; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–1.3, <i>p</i> p = 0.372). The performance of the extended model was higher than that of the basic model (<i>p</i> Conclusions:Adding the CSF/ICV ratio improves a multimodal prediction model for the occurrence of malignant edema after endovascular treatment.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.134 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".