Postwar dietary diversity among children aged 6-23 months in northern Ethiopia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Introduction: Conflict exacerbates poor complementary feeding and reduces dietary diversity. Before the 2020–2022 war in northern Ethiopia, around 74% of children aged 6–23 months failed to meet minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and post-war prevalence was unknown. This study aims to assess MDD prevalence and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in a town in northern Ethiopia two years after the ceasefire. Methodology: A health facility-based cross-sectional study of 584 participants was conducted in a town in northern Ethiopia. Sociodemographic and dietary data were collected using a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire and analyzed in STATA ® version 15. Pre-war dietary diversity was estimated using data from the 2016 and 2019 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys. Results: MDD declined from 33.2% pre-war period to 25.2% (95% CI: 21.6-28.7) in the post-war period. Children aged 18–23 months were 3.2 times more likely to achieve MDD than those aged 6–11 months (p = 0.001). Middle- and high-income households had 6.13-fold and 13.58-fold higher odds of meeting MDD, respectively (both p < 0.001). Households with 5–8 members had 3.6-fold higher odds of providing MDD compared to those with 1–3 members (p = 0.017). Children of mothers aged 26–35 years (AOR = 0.48, p = 0.026) and 36–42 years (AOR = 0.29, p = 0.017) had lower odds of meeting MDD. Higher paternal education (AOR = 2.58, p = 0.031) and paternal occupation as a merchant (AOR = 3.17, p = 0.001) were positively associated with MDD. Post-war, grain (77.5% to 92.1%) and legume (33.9% to 69.3%) consumption increased significantly, while flesh foods (20.9% to 7.2%) and vitamin A-rich foods 46.8% to 26%) declined. Conclusion: Post-war dietary diversity in remains low, influenced by socioeconomic and demographic factors. Significant reductions in nutrient-dense foods highlight critical gaps in child nutrition. Targeted nutrition education for caregivers and interventions promoting dietary diversity are essential in conflict-affected settings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".