Bibliographic record
Abstract
126 Euura polaris (Holmgren, 1883) Figs 132, 356 Nematus polaris Holmgren, 1883: 143, pl. 1 fig. 1. Lectotype designated below. Pteronus shumagensis Kincaid, 1900: 357. Syntype ♀ (USNMENT00778206, USNM, http://n 2t.net/ ark:/65665/35ff0e035-a05a-4e67-952c-f19e4292e418), not examined. Type locality: USA, Alaska, East Aleutians, Popof Island. Synonymy by Benson (1961a), but possibly it is E. lienterica or some other species in the E. flavescens group. Pontania islandica Kincaid, 1900: 355. Syntype ♀ (USNMENT00778189, USNM, http://n 2t.net/ ark:/65665/35c79c1ef-402a-4e80-b738-6153f2e0f2e8), labelled as lectotype by J.-P. Kopelke, but designation not published; not examined. Type locality: USA, Alaska, East Aleutians, Popof Island. Synonymy by Benson (1961a). It does seem to belong to the E. bipartita group. Amauronematus polaris ab. pleuralis Lindqvist, 1944b: 20. Type not found. Type locality: Finland, Inari, Ivalo. Perhaps not E. polaris. Unavailable name, because infrasubspecific. Diagnosis Most similar to E. leptostigma, E. polepso sp. nov., and some specimens of E. leucopyga. Often, its rather broad and square-shaped valvula 3 in dorsal view (like in some E. leucopyga) distinguishes E. polaris from E. leptostigma and E. polepso which tend to have a narrower valvula 3. The smooth mesepisternum may help to distinguish E. polaris from E. polepso (always slightly matt?). The combination of triangular serrulae, small cypsellae, and gradually narrowing lancet of E. polaris help to distinguish it from lancets of E. polepso (large cypsellae) and E. leucopyga (somewhat flatter serrulae and more abruptly narrowing lancet). Lancets of E. leptostigma are rather similar to E. polaris, but may differ in overall shape and are perhaps (usually?) larger. The males are not clearly distinguishable from E. leptostigma, E. leucopyga, E. parviserrata, E. sulciceps, and E. polepso. Type material examined Lectotype Nematus polaris, here designated RUSSIA – Novaja Zemlya • ♀; Matotschkin Scharr [Matochkin Strait]; 73.3° N, 55.6° E; 1875; NHRS, NHRS-HEVA000006445. Host plants Unknown. Lindqvist (1944b) reported Salix spp.,but this apparently refers to E.leucopyga (ab. leucopyga) in southern Finland, while E. polaris is known only from (sub)arctic habitats. Genetics COI Based on 8 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 2.89% and the nearest neighbours, diverging by a minimum of 0%, are Euura leptostigma, E. sulciceps, and E. fuscarima. Nuclear Based on 8 specimens, maximum within-species distance is 0.66% (0.85% based on haplotypes of individual females). The nearest neighbour, diverging by a minimum of 0.26%, is Euura leptostigma. Distribution and material examined Holarctic. Specimens studied are from Finland, Norway, and Russia. Nearctic records, although likely, need confirmation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.011 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".