Kokkocynips imbricariae Nieves-Aldrey & Nicholls & Tang & Melika & Stone & Pujade-Villar & Buffington & Maldonado & Medianero 2021, n. comb.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Kokkocynips imbricariae (Ashmead, 1896) n. comb. (Figs. 6, 10F, 11B) Andricus imbrecariae Ashmead, 1896. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 19, p.122. Holcaspis fasciata Bassett, 1900. Trans. Amer. Ent. Soc., vol, 26, p.328. [Syn. by Weld, 1926b: 43]. Dryocosmus fasciatus (Bassett): Weld, 1922a. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., vol. 61, art. 18, p.7. Dryocosmus imbricariae* (Ashmead): Weld, 1926b. Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 68, 43. * The original spelling ‘imbrecariae’ is a typographical error and Ashmead had corrected it in his own copy of the paper to align it with the name of the host oak (Weld, 1926b). Material examined: syntypes. Andricus imbrecariae. Through CV Riley, No. 714 P on Q. imbricariae, St. L. Mo., Oct 12. 81, Type number 3072, USNM, Andricus imbrecariae, USNMENT 00802135 (USNM). Missouri. No. 714 P on Q. imbracariae, St. Louis, MO. 12 Oct 1881, CV Riley, USNM type # 3072. Two females. USNMENT01735157 and USNMENT01735158 (USNM). Cotypes. Disholcaspis fasciata. Connecticut. Waterbury, HF Bassett, cotype, USNM type # 27177, Holcaspis fasciata WB Bassett. 17 females. USNMENT01735140-USNMENT01735156 (USNM). Other material examined: USA. Alabama and Florida. Hopkins 15632a. Troy and Dothan, AL; Cottondate, FL. Quercus marilandica and Quercus falcata, October 1919., LH Weld. 10 females. USNMENT01735100-US-NMENT01735109 (USNM). Missouri. Hopkins 10776a. Iorton, Quercus rubra. 12 Oct. 1918. Galls collected on ground, some from twigs; wasps emerged Oct. 1919. 5 females, USNMENT10735116-USNMENT01735120 (USNM). Poplar Bluff, IX.20.1918, LH Weld, ex Q. digitata, Beutt coll. record 1935, 1 female, USNMENT01735159 (USNM). St. Louis, MO., No. 136 on Q. imbracariae, CV Riley, 2 females, USNMENT01735171 and USN-MENT01735172 (USNM). Texas. Hunter 2701, Victoria, ex black jack spkld., X.29.1910; emerged II.1.1912. 11 females. USNMENT01735123, USNMENT01735125-USNMENT01735134 (USNM). Hunter 1369, Victoria, bd stem gall oak, X,17.1905, JD Mitchell, coll. 7 females. USNMENT01735122, USNMENT01735124, USN-MENT01735135-USNMENT01735139 (USNM). Victoria Co., Colleto Creek. 29 Oct. 1905, JD Mitchell, Coll. Issued 20 Nov 1906. 10 females, USNMENT01735160-USNMENT01735169 (USNM). Virginia. Hopkins 10773q. East Falls Church. 3 Oct 1018. Galls collected by Penelope Brown just before falling. Cynipini emerged/mounted Oct. 1919. 5 females. USNMENT01735110-USNMENT01735114 (USNM). Unknown locality. ‘714P’ Sept. 10, 1909, 2 females, USNMENT01735173 and USNMENT01735174 (USNM). Gall: according to the original description (Ashmead 1896) the gall is globular, brownish and hard, 7-10 mm in diameter (Fig. 11B). The surface of the gall has a striped pattern, and is hence commonly known as the banded bullet gall. The galls typically grow in clusters from a fissure in twigs from the previous year’s growth. The larval cell is nearly always closely cemented to the thick, hard, gall epidermis, but in a single instance there were a few fibers separating it. Host plant: the species was described from galls collected on Quercus imbricaria and Q. ilicifolia. Weld (1926b) added Quercus marilandica, Q. catesbaei, Q. texana and Q. laurifolia to the host plant records, and later mentioned that it galled all eastern US red oak species (Weld 1959). Biology: known only from an asexual generation. Adults emerge from galls from September to October. Galls collected in the autumn produced adults in the following year, but some emerged a year later after diapause (Ashmead 1896). Distribution: USA and Canada; originally described from Missouri, and also recorded from many localities from Ontario southwards to Florida and westwards to Texas (Weld 1926b). Remarks: this species shares the main diagnostic characters that define Kokkocynips as described herein, although it is readily distinguished from the type species and other Kokkocynips species by the characters given in the identification key. Moreover, our phylogenetic analyses also support transfer of this species to Kokkocynips, placing it sister to the type species (a placement reflected in the very similar gall morphology) and also closely allied to K. difficilis and K. decidua.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.034 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".