Bibliographic record
Abstract
? Obelia racemosa Fraser, 1941b ? Obelia racemosa Fraser, 1941b: 82, pl. 15, fig. 7. Holotype: USNM 4883: Canada, Nova Scotia, Western Bank, 91–119 m, 0 7 June 1880, schooner Mist, one colony, 25 cm high (Fraser 1941b), in poor condition, gonophores not seen, labelled “syntype”; ethanol. Type locality. Canada, Nova Scotia: Western Bank off Cape Breton Island, 50–65 fm (91–119 m) (Fraser 1941b). Current status. Species inquirenda. Remarks. In being designated as the “type”, material of Obelia racemosa at the NMNH (USNM 4883) was fixed as the name-bearing type of the species by Fraser (1941b). Although listed as a syntype in the online database, the specimen count is given as “1.” Fraser’s (1941b) original account of the species implies that it was based on a single specimen, as his description began with the words “Colony large….” The type examined here, consisting of one colony and a few fragments of it, is considered the holotype. Obelia racemosa has not been reported again. The holotype specimen is in poor condition, with no hydranths, little or no coenosarc, and few hydrothecae. Gonosomes were lacking in Fraser’s (1941b) hydroid, and he assigned the species to Obelia Péron & Lesueur, 1810 with question. From his description and illustration, and from the type specimen, however, we consider that generic assignment to be correct. The principal distinguishing characters of O. racemosa appear to be: (1) the stiff racemes formed by distal branchlets and pedicels, and (2) the densely clustered arrangement of the hydrothecae. Although regarded as a synonym of O. dichotoma (Linnaeus, 1758) in WoRMS, O. racemosa somewhat resembles O. plicata Hincks, 1868 in its strongly polysiphonic colony form. The latter species too, however, is considered identical with O. dichotoma in the current WoRMS list, likely following Cornelius (1990, 1995). Its general mode of branching is similar to O. longissima (Pallas, 1766), but the hydrocaulus of that species is usually monosiphonic. Further study is needed to explore the status of these putative species. Fraser’s hydroid was considered a valid species in Cairns et al. (2002), and listed as O. racemosa.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".