Scan of Canadian Strengths in Biotechnology
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Demonstrating responsible world leadership on biotechnology has been one of the ten key themes of the Canadian Biotechnology Strategy (CBS) since its creation in 1998. This position was reinforced in 2004 with the launch of the Government of Canada's Blueprint for Biotechnology. The Blueprint emphasizes that "Canada's leadership, both domestically and internationally, requires that the new Stewardship Framework is supported by leading edge regulatory research, foresight, capacity-building in regulatory sciences, dialogue with Canadians, and international cooperation", and recommends various initiatives to achieve the desired international impact. One of these initiatives recognizes that the knowledge harnessed from biotechnology advances has a powerful potential to address critical issues in developing countries, and recommends the establishment of a new national initiative for international development. This initiative would facilitate the coordination of strategic research and technology development networks encompassing research centers in Canada and developing countries. As part of this initiative, the National Research Council of Canada (NRC) mandated Science-Metrix to undertake an environmental scan with the aim of identifying Canada's strengths in biotechnology in the public and private sectors, universities and hospitals. The scope of this scan includes science, research and technology developments, and innovation support activities (market intelligence, industrial technology advice, intellectual property management, commercialization support, etc.) To assess science and technology (S&T) strengths beyond anecdotal evidence, Science-Metrix performed scientometric and technometric analyses. These techniques were used to identify in particular, biotechnology niches where Canada has a favourable position within the international community. The scientometric analysis involved surveying the Medline (US National Library of Medicine) and SCI Expanded (ISI Thomson) databases while the technometric analysis surveyed the USPTO (US Patent Office) database. In addition, a review of the literature was conducted to pinpoint significant individual scientific achievements in biotechnology. Identifying the strengths in the Canadian innovation system, involved reviewing the existing literature and information available on the internet on biotechnology developments in Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.008 | 0.021 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.023 | 0.039 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.011 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.014 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".