Figure 1 in Genetic diversity, phylogeography, and sexual dimorphism in the extinct giant short-faced bear (Arctodus simus)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Figure 1. Phylogenetic analysis of Arctodus simus mitogenomes with>60% coverage. A, Bayesian tip-dated phylogenetic tree, excluding two sequences with estimated ages>100 kya that formed a sister-clade to the remaining sequences (see Supporting Information, Fig. S4 for a tree with these two sequences included). Tips are labelled with sample number, provenience, and calibrated radiocarbon age (where available). The grey vertical columns represent odd-numbered marine isotope stages (interglacials) and white columns even-numbered marine isotope stages (glacials). Branches are coloured according to the geographical provenience of corresponding tips: South of the Ice (southern Canada and the contiguous USA) in red, and eastern Beringia (Yukon Territory, Canada and Alaska, USA) in blue. Branch lengths are scaled in years before present. Bars associated with nodes represent the 95% highest posterior density (HPD) of node age estimates. Numbers associated with branches represent Bayesian posterior probabilities. B, median-joining network of all samples. Pie charts are coloured according to the geographical provenience of samples with that haplotype: South of the Ice (southern Canada and the contiguous USA) in red, Yukon Territory (Canada) in light blue, and Alaska (USA) in dark blue—and scaled according to haplotype frequency. See Supporting Information, Figure S5 for network restricted to specimens with>90% coverage.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".