Changes in the sterol compositions of milk thistle oil (Silybium marianum L.) during seed maturation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this study, the total lipid content and sterol compositions were determined during the development of milk thistle seeds.The oil content increased to a maximum value of 36±1.7% and then declined to reach a value of 30.5±0.9% at full maturity.The sterol content of milk thistle seeds was affected by the ripening degree of the seeds.At the early stages of seed maturation, Δ 7 -stigmastenol was the most abundant sterol followed by β-sitosterol.However, at full maturity, β-sitosterol was the most predominant sterol (46.50±0.8%).As the seed developed, campesterol and stigmasterol amounts increased, while Δ 7 -avenasterol content decreased.It can be concluded that milk thistle seed oil has a characteristic sterol pattern comparable to the ones elucidated for olive oil and corn oil.The extracted oil from milk thistle seeds is rich in phytosterols and could be used in food preparation and human nutrition.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".