Associations of History of Displacement, Food Insecurity, and Stress With Maternal-Fetal Health in a Conflict Zone: A Case Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background : In populations with a history of conflict, early identification of pregnant women who are at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes is challenging. We investigated if food security and diet quality, clinical biomarkers, and stress were associated with 3 indicators of maternal-fetal wellbeing: 1) symphysis-fundal height (SFH), 2) sonography-estimated fetal weight, and 3) sonography-calculated amniotic fluid index (AFI). Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 61 women with high-risk pregnancies were recruited after referral to the obstetrics and gynecology unit at San José Hospital in Popayán, Colombia. Multiple stepwise linear and ordered logistic regression were used to identify associations between SFH, sonography-estimated fetal weight and AFI classification with questionnaire-obtained history of displacement, food insecurity and both a specific conflict-related stress questionnaire and the Colombian biopsychosocial risk assessment . Results: History of displacement emerged as a determinant of lower SFH Z scores. Severity of anxiety-like symptoms and lacking interest in daily activities were associated with a higher AFI. In contrast family support, element of the Colombian biopsychosocial risk assessment, reduced the odds of a higher AFI and was associated with higher sonography-estimated fetal weight. Moreover, higher hemoglobin concentrations, taking iron supplements and a higher diastolic blood pressure were positively associated with larger SFH Z scores, but taking aspirin for underlying hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and sleeping > 8 hrs/day were associated with lower sonography-estimated fetal weight. Conclusion: Maternal-fetal health indicators, SFH, sonography-estimated fetal weight and AFI were able to capture overlooked risk factors associated with maternal-fetal well-being that differed from those for sonography estimated fetal weight. Associations of stress indicators with maternal-fetal biomarkers highlight the need of a systematic assessment of stress in pregnant women from conflict zones.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".