Comparison of sports skills movement training to lower limb strength training for independently ambulatory children with cerebral palsy: a randomised feasibility trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The best approach to delivering advanced gross motor skills interventions for children with cerebral palsy (CP) is unknown. This study’s aim was to assess trial feasibility and compare effectiveness of sports skills movement training (Brain change after Fun, Athletic Sports skills Training [BeFAST]) to conventional lower limb strength training (Brain change after Strength Training focusing ON Gait [BeSTRONG]) for improving advanced gross motor skills of children with CP. Twenty independently ambulatory children with CP (mean age 12 ± 2.6 years) were randomly assigned to a 6-week programme of BeFAST or BeSTRONG, individualised to participant goals. Primary scientific outcome measures were the Challenge and Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) assessed pre/post and 4-month post-intervention. Process, resource, and management indicators assessed trial feasibility. There was no between group difference for the Challenge (p = 0.325), however significant post-intervention Challenge improvements were observed in BeFAST (p = 0.031) but not BeSTRONG (p = 0.055). Between group post-intervention scores were higher in BeFAST for COPM Performance (p = 0.001), and relative gains were maintained 4-month post-intervention. Pre-set criteria were met for 84% of feasibility indicators. Sports skills movement training may be an effective option to support advanced gross motor skill gains and target goals of independently ambulatory children with CP. Trial feasibility, including early evidence of effectiveness, indicates readiness for a full-scale randomised trial.Implications for rehabilitationChildren with cerebral palsy have potential to improve advanced gross motor skills.Strength training is a commonly used approach in gross motor therapy programmes.Sports skill training may be an effective option that better targets children’s goals. Children with cerebral palsy have potential to improve advanced gross motor skills. Strength training is a commonly used approach in gross motor therapy programmes. Sports skill training may be an effective option that better targets children’s goals.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".