Fate of moniliformin during milling of Canadian durum wheat, processing, and cooking of spaghetti
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Tittlemier, S. A., Roscoe, M., Trelka, R., Patrick, S. K., Bamforth, J. M., Gräfenhan, T., Schlichting, L. and Fu, B. X. 2014. Fate of moniliformin during milling of Canadian durum wheat, processing, and cooking of spaghetti. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 555-563. Samples of clean Canadian durum were fortified with kernels damaged by Fusarium avenaceum at levels corresponding to the grading tolerances for Fusarium damaged kernels in Canadian durum wheat. Fusarium avenaceum produces the mycotoxin moniliformin (MON); the fortified durum samples contained MON ranging from 0.16 to 0.90 mg kg-1. The fate of MON was followed during milling of the fortified durum samples, as well as during the preparation and cooking of spaghetti made with the fortified durum. The majority of MON was associated with semolina, implying that removal of bran would not have a large impact on reducing MON concentrations. However, F. avenaceum DNA was more evenly distributed amongst the milling products, suggesting that MON underwent translocation from mycelium to endosperm in the damaged kernels. There was an apparent loss of MON when spaghetti was prepared from semolina. From an overall dietary exposure point of view, the cooking of MON-containing pasta in water will reduce dietary exposure to the water-soluble MON via leaching to the cooking water. However, the lack of quantifiable MON in samples prepared from higher grade Canada Western Amber Durum (which contained lower amounts of Fusarium damaged kernels) suggests that dietary exposure to MON from contaminated pasta is not likely to occur.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".