Examining associations of prenatal depression and preconception mental health with developmental vulnerability at school entry : a population-based cohort study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Prenatal depression affects 9-22% of pregnancies and has been associated with altered fetal development and adverse pregnancy and labour outcomes, and preconception mental health may reveal important differences in the type of fetal exposure to depression (i.e. chronic continuous depression may differ from incidental depression). This thesis used population-based data to examine associations between prenatal depression and preconception mental health and developmental vulnerability (falling in the bottom 10% of children) measured by the Early Development Instrument (EDI). Methods First, we examined all live births in British Columbia, Canada between January 01, 2001, and December 31, 2012 with valid follow-up data on the Early Development Instrument until December 31, 2018. Logistic regression models were used to estimate unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios of developmental vulnerability for all EDI subscales among those with and without diagnostic codes for depression during pregnancy, and conditional logistic regression models were run within the same birth parent. The second aim restricted to people diagnosed with depression during pregnancy and used depression and anxiety (DEP-ANX) diagnostic codes from 3 years preconception to date of conception to build three exposure groups: 1) No history of depression (incidental depression during the pregnancy), 2) Episodic (depression in some but not all periods pre-conception), and 3) Chronic (depression across multiple preconception periods). Logistic regression models were run to examine the associations between these three exposure groups and developmental vulnerability. Results Prenatal depression was significantly associated with increased odds for developmental vulnerability on physical health and well-being, social competence, language and cognitive development, and emotional maturity domains. No significant associations were found in our matched sibling pairs analysis. Children born to a pregnant person with chronic prenatal DEP-ANX preconception were at higher risk for developmental vulnerability particularly on the social competence, emotional maturity, and physical health and well-being domains compared to children born to a pregnant person with incident depression during pregnancy. Conclusion Fetal exposure to prenatal depression may influence physical health and well-being, language and cognition, and socio-emotional development in ways that predispose to childhood developmental vulnerability on these domains, and preconception mental health may play a role.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".