Creep characteristics and nonlinear creep damage model of Bocigou formation slate in Kangding-Xinduqiao section of West Sichuan
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The creep characteristics of rock are closely related to the long-term stability of rock mass. With the excavation of deep buried tunnels in west China, in order to ensure the safety of engineering and the long-term stability of underground buildings, it is particularly important to study the creep characteristics of rock under complex stress conditions. The traditional creep constitutive model is difficult to accurately describe the accelerated creep stage of rock, and the existing creep model is difficult to fit the creep characteristics of the Pocigou Formation slate. This study takes the Bocigou Formation slate in the Kangding-Xinduqiao section of west Sichuan as the research object. Based on the identification of geological environment background and rock mineral composition, the unloading creep test is carried out. The deformation characteristics of the Bocigou Formation slate under unloading conditions are analyzed, and the creep characteristics of the slate and the damage evolution law during unloading are revealed. Considering the cumulative damage effect in the unloading creep process, the damage variable is introduced to improve the Newtonian element in the traditional Nishihara model, and a creep damage model which can describe the accelerated creep stage is established. The results show that under unloading conditions, the deformation of slate is dominated by instantaneous elastic strain, and the creep phenomenon is significantly enhanced with the increasing deviatoric stress level. The long-term strength of slate is reduced by 20.2%–27.1%. The 1-stOpt is used to identify the parameters of the nonlinear creep damage model. The fitting theoretical curve is in good agreement with the experimental value, and the correlation coefficient reaches 0.945. The improved nonlinear creep damage model after the introduction of damage variable is more reasonable for description of the unloading creep characteristics of slate in the study area, which provides a theoretical basis for the stability analysis of surrounding rock under relevant working conditions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".