A STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF TOLPERISONE TRIGGER ZONE INJECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC MYOFASCIAL PAIN
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background and aims. To ascertain the efficacy and safety of tolperisone hydrochloride (100 mg) and lidocaine (2,5 mg) trigger zone injections in alleviating myofascial pain.Methods. Fifty patients with myofascial pain, mean age 41,67 years (SD 11,86) were included in the study. The intensity of pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scales and McGill pain questionnaire. Visualization of area in spasm and understanding the vascular environment of trigger zone was carried using ultrasonic imaging of target muscle. To evaluate hypotensive and sedative effects of tolperisone we used the orthostatic test, Schulteu2019s test and Munsterbergu2019s test.Results. The analgesic effects and muscle relaxation of tolperisone become apparent by day 3 post-injection, and the muscle relaxation effect is reaching its maximum on day 10 post-injection. Cardiovascular function following administration of tolperisone was evaluated using the orthostatic test which revealed good orthostatic tolerance. Single injection of tolperisone possessing a central muscle relaxant activity has no sedative effect and does not influence patient response time. The ultrasound examination data demonstrated the improvement of blood circulation in the myofascial trigger zone. Conclusions. The myofascial trigger zone is a densely contracted band of muscle with ischemic and hypoxic that can be seen on ultrasound imaging. Clinical study in patients with myofascial pain has demonstrated a positive muscle relaxant and analgesic effect of tolperisone that resulted in restoration of peripheral circulation in the myofascial trigger zone confirmed by ultrasound examination. An important benefit of this drug product is the absence of sedative effect and arterial hypotension
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.004 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".