Documenting ice in the Bay of Fundy Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Sea ice capable of impacting marine operations occurs periodically in the most favourable sites for energy harvest from the tidal currents of the Bay of Fundy in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. In-stream tidal current harvesting devices deployed at these sites will need to be engineered to tolerate at least 30% cover of sea ice 15 cm thick in floes of at least 100 metres in length. Propelled by tidal currents and prevailing winds, these floes may achieve velocities in excess of 8 knots in some locations. In very severe winters, in-stream tidal current harvesting devices may be subjected to periods of 70% cover of 15-30 cm rapidly moving or packed sea ice. Additional research is necessary to characterize tidal currents in the presence of ice and to design devices which can tolerate the sea ice conditions in the headwaters of the Bay of Fundy, one of North America's greatest tidal power resources. Once ice-tolerant tidal current harvesting devices are developed, they may be deployable in other jurisdictions with energetic tidal flows which experience more severe conditions of sea ice than the headwaters of the Bay of Fundy. In North America, these locations might include Northumberland Strait (between Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick), the Gulf of St. Lawrence (Quebec), the Strait of Belle Isle (Newfoundland and Labrador), Cook Inlet (Alaska), and Ungava Bay (Quebec). Beyond the North American Continent, a market for ice-tolerant tidal current harvesting technology may exist in other circumpolar jurisdictions with energetic tidal flows.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".