Characterization of the effect of hypoosmotic stress caused by coastal floodings on the physiology and behaviour of the Green Sea Urchin
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Understanding how osmotic stress affects the performance of marine organisms is essential to produce sound predictions about the functioning of estuarine and coastal ecosystems with floods being more frequent and intense due to global changes. The green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, an important top-down controller for coastal macroalgae, prefers salinities between 25 and 30; > 7 days at salinity 15 being its documented tolerance limit. Consequently, we aimed to characterize the effects of hypoosmotic stress on the physiological and behavioural responses of sea urchins during periods of flooding. We conducted a laboratory experiment along a gradient of six salinities (10, 13, 16, 20, 24 and 28 ppt), for one and two weeks. We evaluated survival, coordination performance of podia, podia adhesion, feeding rate, excretion rate, and coelomic fluid acid-base and osmotic balance following these exposure phases and following three days of recovery under control salinity conditions (28 ppt), . Urchins exposed to salinity 10 and 13 ppt experienced mortality throughout exposure, whilst survival was not compromised at salinities 16 to 28 ppt. Our results confirm an alteration of the physiological status of urchins via acid-base and osmoionic alterations and a reduction in feeding and excretion rates indicating behaviour modification. These imbalances were accompanied by a reduction in podia coordination and adhesion strength, which can lead to easier dislodgment due to waves or predators. This could ultimately lead to compromised survival and ecosystem consequences.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it