Effect of Coated Aggregates by Plastic Bottles on Bituminous Concrete for Road Pavement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The amount of waste plastics which are released by factories and human activities day to day becomes big problem to human being health as days ahead. The major impact of waste plastics is the environmental pollution, as they do not decompose. This current study, was about to use those waste plastics as Partial replacement of bitumen in bituminous concrete production for road pavement. Different materials like plastics, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, filler materials and bitumen were used. The plastics used in this research were shredded into small pieces of 5 to 10 mm size and mixed with aggregates in hot state. Tests on aggregates and bitumen for strength and specific gravity were carried out respectively. To examine the behavior of plastics, test specimens were prepared without plastic contents with different bitumen percentage of 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5% for the purpose of finding optimum bitumen binder for normal mix. The optimum bitumen percent for normal bituminous mix is 5.7% and the maximum stability of 9.2875 KN is reported, which is above 8.2 KN as minimum stability accepted. The quantity of bitumen was partially replaced with 3%, 10%, 15% and 20% by plastics. High stability value of 10.89 KN was found at optimum 14.3% plastics. This paper reports that waste plastics produce a good result compare to normal mix.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".