Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cryptochironomus Kieffer, 1918 Cryptochironomus psittacinus (Meigen, 1830), collected from St. Paul and St. George Islands, is the only species recorded from Alaska (Townes 1945). Sikes et al. (2016) reported Cryptochironomus stylifera Johannsen, 1908 from St. Matthew Island. However, Townes (1945) noted this species as a synonym of C. psittacinus. Saether (1977, 2009) questioned this synonymy and suggested that Townes’ North American specimens of C. psittacinus were not identical to those in Europe and instead were identical to Cryptochironomus redekei (Kruseman, 1933) and, therefore, a junior synonym of C. stylifera. Since Cryptochironmus taxonomy is still poorly developed, we note only the occurrence of C. psittacinus in Alaska until the revision of the genus using both morphological and molecular methods. The low diversity of Cryptochironmus species in Arctic and subarctic habitats can be related to inadequacy of sampling in northern regions. For instance, Namayandeh & Beresford (2022), only found three species in Far Northern Ontario in comparison to nine reported from Southeastern United States by Hudson et al. (1990) and eight from western Lake Erie by Failla et al. (2015). Butler et al. (1980) and Lougheed et al. (2011) reported unknown Cryptochironomus larvae from the tundra ponds near Utqiagvik. Unknown species of this genus are reported in Arctos (2023), including several small lakes and streams in the Arctic Coastal Plain, Kenai National Wildlife Refuge, and an unnamed lake near Scottie Creek. We have larval records from Bob’s Lake on Prince of Wales Island, the Yukon River, and Meadow Creek in the Mat-Su Valley. Cryptochironomus larvae occur in a wide variety of habitats. Morozova (2000) mentions C. psittacinus and C. redekei larvae are obligate predators, which is probably true of all the other species (see Berg 1995).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".