Bibliographic record
Abstract
Chaetonotus (Z.) bisacer Greuter, 1917 Synonyms: Chaetonotus guruguetoi Grosso, 1973 [syn. Schwank 1990, see also Kisielewski 1991]; Chaetonotus truncatus Saito, 1937 [syn. Kisielewski 1979]; Chaetonotus cfr. truncatus Balsamo 1981 [syn. Kisielewski 1991] Localities: Lake Trösvattnet, Västmanland (N 59º 33’ 21’’; E 14º 29’ 23’’), December 1, 2007; Artificial pond, Nybro, Småland (N 56º 44’ 89’’; E 15º 54’ 27’’), June 28, 2008. Material: 2 specimens (1 measured). TL, 174 µm; FL, 31 µm; AL, 20 µm; PhL, 39 µm; MD, 5–6 µm; CW, 16 µm; TNC, 17–20; DC, 11–13; DR, 21–22; VLC, 6; HS, 4– 5 x 3 µm; NS, 5– 6 x ~3–4 µm; DS, 6– 7 x 3–4 µm; HSp, ~1 µm; NSp, 1–2 µm; DSp, 1–2 µm; GSp, 34–36 µm; VC, 13–15. Head five-lobed with two pairs of cephalic sensory ciliary tufts. The posterior pair with longer cilia than anterior. Cephalion and pleurae well developed. Hypostomium developed as a concave transverse bar. Two pairs of dorsal sensory bristles; anterior pair inserted between scales at U23, posterior pair emerging from sub-triangular double-keeled scales at U81. Anterior to the spine girdle the dorsal surface is covered by elongated weakly threelobed scales with very short simple spines. The girdle consists of 8 spines, with furcated tips, anchored at U50. Posterior to the girdle, dorsal scales are keeled with a simple spine generally reduced or very short. Closer to the base of the furca, scales get smaller and farther spaced apart. The posteriormost dorsal scales with short simple spines that can be seen between the furca branches. A pair of longer (15 µm) lateral spines inserted at U72. Moreover, a pair of long (40–44 µm) parafurcal spines inserted at U85. Interciliary field covered by small elongated keeled scales. Ventral ciliation in two separate longitudinal bands. Mouth subterminal. Pharynx with anterior and posterior swellings, the posterior larger than the anterior. PhIJ at U26. Intestine straight with anus at U83. The Swedish specimens were adults in parthenogenetic phase. They fall within the morphometric limits reported for C. (Z.) bisacer, a very variable species according to Schwank (1990). Previously reported from Denmark (Grilli et al. 2010), Germany (Schwank 1990), Great Britain (Martin 1981), Italy (Balsamo 1983), Poland (Kisielewski 1979), Romania (Rudescu 1967), Russia (www.faunaeur.org), Switzerland (Greuter 1917), Argentina (Grosso 1973), Brazil (Kisielewski 1991), Canada (Schwank 1990), Japan (Saito 1937), Korea (Lee & Chang 2000), USA (Pfaltzgraff 1966; Weiss 2001).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.023 | 0.006 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".