Canadian parks and protected areas through artists' eyes: transforming the Western Canadian Rockies
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper explores the artistic responses to the environment of the Canadian Rockies by six Canadian artists drawn from the Traditional, Modern and Contemporary Eras.The six artists -CPR artists Frederic Bell-Smith who arrived at Glacier House two summers after the completion of the CPR and in the year of the Rocky Mountains Park Act in 1887, and A. C. Leighton, Group of Seven members Lawren Harris and J. E. H. Macdonald, Jin-me-Yoon and Jan Kabatoff -share the Canadian Rockies as sources of inspiration but not in their aesthetic processing, nor resulting art.Far from it.This paper examines the value and meaning the Rockies held for them.It discusses art that explores the construction of Canadian identity, sense of place and effects of climate change.Receding glaciers as a result of global warming inspire Canmore-based contemporary artist, Jan Kabatoff.She describes glaciers as "the womb of Mother Earth because they produce life-sustaining water."iOn her first study of a glacier, the Athabasca Glacier on the Columbia Icefields, with Everest climber Sharon Wood in 2002, Kabatoff "was thrilled with the textures, shapes and especially in the toe of the Athabasca Glacier."ii The artist took numerous close-up photographs "of crevasses, ice crystals, small pools of ancient water, rivulets, moulins and millwells with rushing, swirling water" iii as source material.For a trip on the Bugaboo Glacier in 2005, she rented a professional audio recorder, two twenty-foot long cables, two microphones and camera from the Banff Centre that were lowered into crevasses."I recorded sounds of glacier water dripping inside crevasses, burbling over ice and rocks, rushing in rivulets and flowing into streams."iv Lowell Lake, Bergy Bits Study #1 -9 (2007) suggest Kabatoff's sense of small, more human-size chunks of ice that have broken off from large icebergs on Lowell Lake at the toe of Lowell Glacier in the Yukon, part of a World Heritage Site.In these encaustic works, the artist built up layers and layers of melted beeswax and white pigment, then scraped and added little columns of umber and a black background to convey the stark and numerous
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.027 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.013 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".