Growing season N2O emissions from two-year potato rotations in a humid environment in New Brunswick, Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Snowdon, E., Zebarth, B. J., Burton, D. L., Goyer, C. and Rochette, P. 2013. Growing season N2O emissions from two-year potato rotations in a humid environment in New Brunswick, Canada. Can. J. Soil Sci. 93: 279-294. Few studies have examined the effects of crop rotation on N2O emissions. This study quantified N2O emissions from seven 2-yr potato rotations over a 3-yr period, 2008-2010, where the potato phase was present in 2008 and 2010. In addition, the potential to predict variation in cumulative growing season N2O emissions was examined using indices of nitrate availability [nitrate exposure (NE), a time integrated measure of soil nitrate concentrations in the surface soil], carbon availability (cumulative growing season CO2 emissions) and aeration [time-weighted average water-filled pore space (WFPS)]. In the potato phase of the rotations, even for treatments receiving the same fertilizer N rate (193 kg N ha-1), a wide range in cumulative growing season N2O emissions was measured in both 2008 and 2010 (0.39-1.49 and 0.81-2.03 kg N ha-1, respectively). The NE explained 52 and 70% of the variation in growing season N2O emissions under potato production in 2008 and 2010, respectively. Carbon availability also had a significant effect on N2O emissions, as indicated by increased N2O emissions in rotations where residues of the preceding crop resulted in increased CO2 emissions early in the growing season. A large proportion (67%) of the variation in cumulative N2O emissions among rotation crops was also explained by NE. Choice of rotation crop resulted in an almost twofold difference (0.9-1.7 kg N ha-1) in N2O emissions over the 2-yr rotation cycle. Greater N2O emissions over the 2-yr rotation cycle were measured for rotation crops of soybean, Italian ryegrass, red clover and potato than for rotation crops of corn, canola and barley. However, the fertilizer N management in both the potato and rotation crop phases may be as or more important than the choice of rotation crop in influencing the risk of N2O emissions.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".