Two Élie and two potential heritages for the architecture of the second half of the 20th century in Morocco?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The reflection of this paper starts from the Moroccan example of architecture related to the second half of the XXth century: the projects which were first conceived and realized by the architects gathered initially in the group GAMMa, formed for the majority of them in the colonizing country, forged a “brutalist” orientation whose technique and aesthetics are strongly marked by the use of concrete. The second half of the 20th century cannot be reduced to these first decades and sooner or later it will be necessary to look back on the last decades of the 20th century, marked by the search for an alternative to the techno-productivist headlong rush of modernity. The present paper confronts while going beyond the individualities they represent, the two Moroccan Élie, the eldest: Azagury (1918 - 2009), and his younger: Mouyal (1957 ...). The first represents the interpretation adapted to Morocco of the international and global architecture of the Modern Movement, while the second, awarded by the 12th TERRA 2016 World Congress on Earthen Architecture, expresses, during the last quarter of the 20th century, an orientation towards sustainable development with the use of updated ancestral and local construction techniques (earth and stone). The resulting works will, sooner or later, have to be questioned from the point of view of their heritage, based on criteria to be rethought, to be refounded, and which the paper tries to define.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.007 | 0.006 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".