The role of thiol-redox protein modifications in ROS-dependent metabolic reprogramming during germination suppression in wheat seeds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) is a recurring problem for wheat growers worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying PHS remain elusive. Redox changes in seed tissues and reactive oxygen species-based triggers are essential for seed germination, with plant NADPH oxidases (NOXs) playing an important role. This study demonstrated the link between ROS production, cellular oxidative metabolism, and sensitivity to external ABA in white-seeded spring wheat. In this study, pharmacological treatments using Diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NOXs, abscisic acid (ABA) phytohormone, and their combination were used to inhibit germination in freshly harvested (FH) and after-ripened (AR) wheat seeds from doubled haploid (DH) lines with non-dormant genotype. Changes to embryo and aleurone thiol-redoxomes during germination suppression were identified and quantified using iodoTMT labeling, nano-liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) analysis in conjunction with IWGSC RefSeq and EST wheat databases. The thiol-redoxomes were studied using two different approaches, analyzing changes in reversibly modified proteins (RMPs) (approach I) and in Cys-containing differentially abundant proteins (CysDAPs) (approach II). FH wheat seeds showed higher germination resistance (GR) response to ABA treatment in the presence of DPI as compared to AR seeds. In FH tissues, all RMPs were up-regulated in the reduction level, and most CysDAPs increased in abundance during ABA-mediated germination inhibition under oxidative stress. Most thiol-responsive proteins in FH embryos were involved in cellular respiration, protein biosynthesis and lipid metabolism. High number of storage- and pathogen-responsive proteins were identified in FH aleurones. In contrast to FH tissues, AR tissues contained a minimal amount of RMPs and CysDAPs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".