Bibliographic record
Abstract
38. Acalypha perrieri Leandri Notulae Systematicae. Herbier du Muséum de Paris. Phanérogramie. Paris 10: 273 (Leandri 1942). — Type: Madagascar. Prov. Mahajanga, Belambo, près de Maevatanana, VIII.1901, H. Perrier de la Bâthie 9813 (lecto-, designated by Montero Muñoz et al. [2018a: 107]: P [P00513095]). — Former syntypes: Madagascar. Prov. Mahajanga, Menabé, Tsiampihy, J. Leandri 275 (P [P00513092, P00513093], TAN [TAN000511]); ibid. loc., s.d., J. Leandri 294 (P [P00513091]); Forêt de Tsimembo, s.d., J. Leandri 420 (P [P00513094]). ICONOGRAPHY. — Leandri (1942: 273); Figs 65A; 69C. ETYMOLOGY. — The epithet honors French botanist Eugène Henri Perrier de La Bâthie (1873-1958). DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Endemic to Madagascar (Sofia, Boeny, Betsiboka, Melaky, Menabe, and Atsimo-Andrefana). Dry deciduous forest and dry spiny thickets. On Mesozoic limestone and sandstone. Altitudinal range (30-) 100-830 m (Fig. 59). PRELIMINARY CONSERVATION ASSESSMENT. — The EOO of Acalypha perrieri is estimated to be 160 733 km 2 and its AOO 68 km 2, which is less than the 500 km 2 threshold of the B2 subcriterion of the Endangered category. This species grows mainly in dry deciduous forest and spiny thickets (see assessment of A. decaryana). The remaining original vegetation is still decreasing (Moat & Smith, 2007, Gautier et al. 2018). Acalypha perrieri has been collected in some protected areas, but it is also known from several unprotected forests subject to various threats (uncontrolled fires for grazing and crops, logging, mining, etc.). We predict that ongoing habitat loss will cause continued decline of its EOO and AOO. Acalypha perrieri is assessed as Near Threatened (NT) under criterion B. It meets the AOO values needed for a threatened category, but the number of locations is too high to meet the conditions required for a listing under the Endangered category. MATERIAL EXAMINED. — 23 collections. Madagascar: Appert, O.P. 132 (P[P00324519]); Decary, R. 15685 (P[P00324537, P05510112]), 15732 (P[P05510107]), 15792 (P[P00324588]), 15839 (P[P05547229]); Gautier, L. LG 5615 (G[G00376050]), LG 5626 (G[G00376039]); Gillespie, L. 4123 (K, MO), 10814 (CAN), 10835 (MO); Humbert, H. 19441 (P[P00324582]), 19629 (B[B100480024], G, MA, P[P05547179]); Leandri, J. 275 (P[P00513092, P00513093], TAN[TAN000511]), 294 (P[P00513091]), 420 (P[P00513094]), 3887 (P[P05543669]); Nicoll, M.F. 159 (MO, WAG[WAG.1578521]); Perrier de la Bâthie, H. 9813 (P[P00513095]); Rakotovao, C. 5692 (P[P05547018]); Ranaivoson, N. T. RNT 255 (P[P00780183]); Razakamalala, R. 1733 (MO [MO-2965750], P[P00886877], TEF); Réserves Naturelles Madagascar 5692 (P[P00324513]). REFERENCES. — Govaerts et al. (2000: 81); Montero Muñoz et al. (2018a: 107). DESCRIPTION Shrubs, deciduous, to 2 m tall, divaricately branched, monoecious. Branches angled, laxly pubescent with simple, short, curved, antrorse trichomes, glabrescent when mature. Axillary buds spherical, to 2 mm diameter, perulate, perules 2, imbricate, chartaceous, brownish, glabrous; Stipules to 4 mm long, linear, pubescent with simple, short trichomes, margin with some short, glandular trichomes. Petioles very slender, 1-2 cm long, indumentum similar to that on young branches. Leaf blades 3.5-6[-8.5] × 1.5-2(-2.4) cm, usually elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, sometimes obovate-lanceolate, membranous; base rounded to acute; apex abruptly acuminate, acumen to 13 mm long, rounded, mucronate; margin serrate, sometimes discolorous, teeth acute, sometimes with gland at apex; upper and lower surfaces subglabrous, with some sparse, simple, short, appressed trichomes, especially on veins; margin ciliate in sinuses; venation actinodromous, basal veins 3, secondary veins 4-5 per side. Stipels glandular, 0.2 mm long, glabrous. Inflorescences spiciform, androgynous, axillary, to 3 cm long, mostly male with 1 female bract at base; peduncle to 14 mm long, indumentum similar to that on petioles. Female segment: bract 1, sessile, enlarging in fruit to 7 × 12 mm, reniform, subglabrous, with some sparse, simple, short trichomes; margin entire; bracteoles absent. Male segment persistent, to 1.5 cm long; flowers glomerate; bracts to 0.5 mm long, triangular, sparsely hairy with simple, short arachnoid trichomes. Male flowers: pedicel to 0.5 mm long, sparsely hairy; buds not seen. Female flowers 1 per bract, sessile; sepals 3, to 1 mm long, triangular-lanceolate, sparsely hairy with short, simple trichomes; ovary c. 1 mm diameter, 3-lobed, papillose, surface sparsely hairy with simple, short trichomes; styles 3, to 3 mm long, slightly connate at base, densely pubescent with simple, hyaline trichomes, each divided into c. 16 segments. Allomorphic flowers not seen. Capsules to 4 mm diameter, papillose, papillae acute, to 1 mm long, surface pubescent with simple, short trichomes. Seeds c. 1.5 × 1 mm, pyriform, minutely foveolate.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.017 | 0.005 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".