Clavulinopsis aurantiocinnabarina Corner
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clavulinopsis aurantiocinnabarina (Schweinitz 1832: 183) Corner Basidiomata (Fig. 1h) 4.0−6.3 × 0.1−0.2 cm, unbranched, caespitose, sometimes gregarious. Clavula golden yellow (5B7) to deep orange (6A8), fading to buff orange (6A5), cylindric, flattened and rugulose; apex subacute to blunt; stipe indistinct. Context deep orange (6A8), not fading, slightly brittle; smell and taste unrecorded. Basidiospores (Fig. 9a) 6.0−7.0 × 6.0−6.5 μm (Q=1.07), subglobose, hyaline, sometimes pale yellow, smooth, thin-walled, uniguttulate, inamyloid; hilar appendage up to 1.0 μm long. Basidia (Fig. 9b) 43−51 × 7.0−9.0 μm, cylindric-clavate, clamped, immersed in a paraphysoid hymenium; sterigmata (2−) 4, 5.0−9.0 μm long, often with elongate aborted sterigmata. Cystidia absent. Hymenium 70−130 μm thick, with small and irregular crystals. Subhymenium 50−75 μm thick, composed of narrow hyphae 1.5−3.5(−4.0) μm wide, clamped, not inflated. Context with subparallel, hyaline and thin-walled hyphae, clamped; hyphae to 14 μm wide, slightly inflated at the center of the context, and hyphae to 5.0 μm wide, not inflated, next to the subhymenium. Surface of sterile base in two layers; cortical layer to 120 μm thick, perpendicular to medullary layer, with cylindric interwoven hyphae 2.5−3.5 μm wide, loosely attached, thick-walled, clamped; medullary layer composed of slightly inflated and subparallel hyphae, hyphae 7.0−12 μm wide, interwoven with narrow hyphae up to 5.0 μm wide, clamped. Habitat and distribution:—In the Atlantic Forest this species is found on soil with litter, in the shade. In Brazil it is known from Amazonas (De Lamônica-Freire 1979), Paraná (De Meijer 2006) and Santa Catarina (present study). Also known from Canada, China, Panama, Venezuela, Trinidad (Corner 1950, 1970) and Thailand (Maneevun & Sanouamuang 2010). Specimen examined:— BRAZIL. Santa Catarina: Florianópolis, Morro da Lagoa, Trilha do Jipe, 27º59'43"S, 49º47'83"W, 03 December 2013, A.N.M. Furtado 392 (FLOR 56176). Additional specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Pernambuco: Recife, IPA, 14 June 1951, J.N, Silva n.n. (URM 499). Amazonas: Manaus, Campus do INPA, 26 January 1978, H. Caldas de Souza & M.M.N. Braga n.n. (INPA 72737); Itacoatiara, Reserva Florestal Ducke, 26 May 1978, E.M.H. Freire n.n. (INPA 79031). USA. Ohio: Maumee Valley, 1922, W.R. Lowater n.n. (BPI 295438), ibid., L.D. von Schweinitz n.n. (K 175527). Remarks:— Clavulinopsis aurantiocinnabarina is unmistakable in the field, due to its vivid yellow-orange color and non-existent stipe. The stratified sterile surface is diagnostic of this species (Corner 1950). Petersen (1968) comments that the rich orange and reddish pink states of Cs. amoena are a pale form of Cs. aurantiocinnabarina. Both of these species have subglobose basidiospores, which are slightly wider in Cs. amoena, and inflated hyphae in the trama (Petersen 1968). However, Clavulinopsis amoena is lighter in color and has a distinct strigose stipe and indistinct sterile base (Corner 1970, Maneevum & Sanoamuang 2010).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".