A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE MEAN NUTRIENT INTAKES OF VARIOUS POPULATION GROUPS OF THE ELDERLY IN SASKATOON
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This survey was conducted in order to examine the dietary adequacy of three different support systems for single elderly people living alone in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. One hundred and twenty people over the age of 65 were selected from the Alliance of Youth and the Elderly, Meals on Wheels, and the Sherbrooke Community Center. The Alliance of Youth and the Elderly helps to repair and maintain the homes of the elderly, but does not provide meal service. Meals on Wheels provides one hot meal each weekday while the Sherbrooke Community Center provides all meals and snacks. Food consumption of subjects was recorded using the 24-hour dietary recall method. Exact quantities of food consumed were determined with the aid of food models. Socio-economic and demographic data for each individual were entered on a questionnaire, and all data were coded for computer analysis. Computer analysis utilized food composition data from the Handbook of The Nutritional Contents of Foods, U.S.D.A. No. 8, and printed out the daily intake of calories, protein, fat, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, and niacin for each individual. The effects of socio-economic and demographic variables on the caloric and nutrient intakes of the elderly subjects were determined with the analysis of variance. Adequacy of diet for the three support systems of the elderly was assessed by comparison with the recommendations made in the 1976 edition of Dietary Standard for Canada. Results of this survey indicated that elderly males and females in the Alliance of Youth and the Elderly and Meals on Wheels met Canadian recommended levels for calories and all nutrients. Males in the Sherbrooke Community Center did not meet recommended levels of intake for thiamine while females in the Sherbrooke Community Center exceeded recommended levels of intake for calories. Protein intakes for all subjects were affected by differences in age and sex. Protein, calcium and vitamin A intakes of all subjects were affected by differences in the type of support program. Results of this survey suggest that elderly males and females living alone at home and receiving help from the community can adequately meet their nutritional needs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".