An examination of parental compliance with vitamin D recommendations and the physiological responses to vitamin D isoform and dosage in breastfed infants from greater Montréal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Vitamin D is important to maintain calcium homeostasis and promote healthy bone development.Breastfed newborns are at heightened risk of vitamin D deficiency because breast milk contains insufficient amounts of vitamin D.Canadian health policy recommends all breastfed infants receive 400 IU/d of vitamin D starting at birth and continuing until infants can obtain this amount through diet.Both dietary and endogenous production of vitamin D are commonly measured using the 25-hydroxyvitamin D metabolite (25(OH)D), as it has a longer half-life and is less hormonally regulated than the active form, 1,25dihydroxyvitamin D. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) defines the amount necessary to meet the needs of 97.5% of a population group as the Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), however due to insufficient supportive data for the 0-12 mo age group an Adequate Intake (AI) level of 400 IU/d was established instead.This amount is thought to maintain circulating 25(OH)D concentrations in the range of 40-50 nmol/L, sufficient for bone health.Others argue concentrations >75 nmol/L are necessary and that some infants and children may require 800 IU/d of vitamin D supplementation.Despite these recommendations, many infants in Canada have low circulating 25(OH)D concentrations.It is unclear whether these low concentrations are due to a lack of compliance or that the recommendations are insufficient to achieve the desired circulating 25(OH)D concentrations.In addition, whether intakes of vitamin D >400 IU/d in infancy are associated with better bone mineral accrual has not been systematically tested.There are two isoforms of vitamin D which are available as supplements in Canada, cholecalciferol (vitamin D 3 ) and ergocalciferol (vitamin D 2 ).jusqu'à 12 mois, et ce même si aucune dose n'a pu atteindre l'objectif de ≥75 nmol/L chez ≥97,5% des nouveaux-nés.Aucune différence n'a été notée entre les groupes en croissance, les mesures de l'homéostasie minérale ou le contenu minéral osseux.En conclusion, ces résultats suggère que les recommandations de vitamine D sont suivies par les mères qui allaitent à Montréal et que 400 UI/jour de D 3 est suffisante pour maintenir des niveaux sanguins de 25(OH)D pour la santé des os.Ce travail suggère également la réponse biologique à 400 UI/jour de vitamine D 2 et D 3 sont similaires chez les nourrissons.Ces études aideront à améliorer les politiques publiques pour les enfants canadiens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".