High Frequency Raster Magnets Design for the ARIEL Electron Target Station at TRIUMF
Bibliographic record
Abstract
TRIUMF, Canada’s nuclear and particle physics research laboratory is currently in development of an Advanced Rare Isotope Facility (ARIEL) that will contain a newly designed electron target station. The target at this station is susceptible to destruction from instantaneous spot heating of the beam. To mitigate this, a raster system consisting of two AC electromagnets was proposed. The two magnets will work in tandem, vertical and horizontal, bending to produce raster patterns at 10 kHz. Since complex patterns consist of harmonics higher than the fundamental frequency, a design frequency of 100 kHz was chosen. AC current causes eddy currents which lead to the skin effect, causing high frequency current to concentrate on the outside of the conductor. To address this, a conductor diameter smaller than the skin depth at the given frequency must be chosen. This led to the choice of litz wire consisting of 400 insulated strands for the conductor. The radiation resistance insulation ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) was chosen for these conductors and a 3D printed polyethylene sulfide (PPS) will be used for the coil bobbins. The effects of eddy currents were eliminated from the core material by choosing ferrite, an amorphous material consisting of iron-oxide crystals. Simulations were completed to ensure a homogenous magnetic field in the region of the beam, and the subsequent pole profile was determined. Lastly, a metalized ceramic beampipe is used to integrate with the existing beamline and allow for discharge of any static buildup on the inner surface of the beampipe due to the electron beam.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".