In the lie of this Multicultural Land: An Analysis of Barbados-Canada Relations, 1966 -1990.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Barbados-Canada relations spanned many decades, from November 30, 1966, those relations entered a new dimension, since Barbados now an independent state, was no longer ruled by Britain. This new relationship witnessed new political, social, and economic ties being established between the two nations. Approximately one year later, in 1967, Canada implemented a points system which further transformed its discriminatory immigration policy, thus making it somewhat easier for Black Barbadians and other Black people to enter the country. Despite these new post-independence changes, Barbadians found that racial profiling and anti-black discrimination undergirded their relationship with Canada, whether in policymaking, social and cultural diplomacy, economic activities, or emigration. And webbed in that reality, was the standard narrative of Canada being a helper of underdeveloped Barbados, by way of development assistance and other economic benefits. This dissertation challenges the perception that historically Canada has primarily rendered assistance to Barbados – a recipient of Canadian generosity without reciprocation. Utilizing archival research at the Library and Archives Canada (LAC), and the oral testimonies of some Black Barbadian emigrants, this dissertation argues that Barbados was not just a passive beneficiary of Canadian assistance. But in fact, the island provided Canada with more benefits, particularly, social benefits in return, which made the relationship more beneficial to Canada in the 1966 to 1990 era. This argument challenges Ralph Paragg’s portrayal of Barbados and the Caribbean as merely recipients of Canadian beneficence, by showing that Barbados gave back to Canada more than it received.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.003 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.030 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".