NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE ATTITUDES AND FOOD PRACTICES OF INDEPENDENT ELDERLY LIVING IN SASKATOON
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study was undertaken to examine the relationship between nutrition knowledge, attitudes and food practices of independent elderly. A sample of 34 males and 76 females was selected from a randomly drawn list of 300 elderly living in Saskatoon, provided by the Senior Citizen's Provincial Council. A questionnaire was developed and administered to the sample through personal interview. The questionnaire was designed to assess nutrition knowledge, attitudes toward nutrition and the frequency with which foods were selected from each of the four food groups. Information was also obtained on dietary patterns, shopping and cooking habits, health foods and dietary supplements and selected demographic characteristics. Data were collected from June, 1980 through August, 1980. Results indicated nutrition knowledge of the sample was adequate and attitudes toward nutrition were positive. Nutrition knowledge and attitudes were not significantly (p>.05) related, although a positive association appeared to exist. Dietary intakes were rated as satisfactory for 48% of the sample and unsatisfactory for 52%. Intakes of fruits, vegetables, breads and cereals were frequently below recommended levels. Dietary intakes were not significantly (p>.05) related to nutrition knowledge or attitudes. However, observed trends indicated elderly consuming satisfactory diets achieved higher mean knowledge and attitude scores than elderly consuming unsatisfactory diets. Elderly using dietary supplements tended to consume unsatisfactory diets, although the relationship was not statistically significant (p>.05). Results also suggested elderly in the upper age categories, females, widows and elderly with limited incomes frequently consuming unsatisfactory diets. This study appeared to support a relationship between nutrition knowledge, attitudes and food practices. Age, sex, marital status and income also appeared to be related to the dietary intakes of the elderly.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".