Prevention, diagnosis and treatment of postpartum uterine disease in dairy cattle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis is an investigation of parenteral vitamin E for the prevention of peripartum disease, and the diagnosis and treatment of endometritis in postpartum dairy cows. Two randomized clinical trials were conducted in commercial dairy herds in eastern Canada. In the first trial, 1142 cows in 21 herds were assigned to receive either a single subcutaneous injection of 3000 IU of vitamin E, or placebo, one week prior to expected calving. Cows with marginal pre-treatment vitamin E status (serum [alpha]-tocopherol <2.5 [mu]g/mg cholesterol) that received an injection of vitamin E tended to have reduced risk of retained placenta. However, in cows with adequate serum vitamin E, there was no reduction in the incidence of any disease. For clinical application, primiparous animals were most likely to benefit from prepartum injection of vitamin E. In the second trial, the reproductive tract of 1910 cows in 27 herds was examined once between 20 and 33 days in milk (DIM), by vaginoscopy and palpation. Survival analysis was used to derive a case definition of endometritis based on factors associated with increased time to pregnancy. The presence of muco-purulent or purulent uterine discharge, or cervical diameter greater than 7.5 cm identified cows with endometritis. The prevalence of endometritis was 16.5%; 44% of these cases were identified by vaginoscopy. No diagnostic criteria based on palpation of the uterus had predictive value for time to pregnancy. Cows with endometritis were randomly assigned to receive an intra-uterine infusion of cephapirin benzathine, an injection of prostaglandin F2[alpha] (PGF2[alpha]), or no treatment. There was no benefit of treatment between 20 and 26 DIM, and a reduction in pregnancy rate in cows that received PGF2[alpha] in the absence of a corpus luteum (CL). Cows treated with cephapirin after 26 DIM had significantly shorter times to pregnancy than untreated cows. The effect of either treatment was enhanced in cows with a CL, whereas there was no benefit of PGF2[alpha] in the absence of a CL.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".