Relocalisation et écologisation du système agroalimentaire : le cas de l'agriculture biologique au Québec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
RÉSUMÉ : Cette recherche a pour objectif d’évaluer l’implication de la proximité dans les échanges commerciaux des producteurs biologiques québécois et d’en comprendre les facteurs influents. La proximité est analysée à la fois par les canaux d’approvisionnement et de distribution utilisés et par la distance géographique parcourue par les produits biologiques. Pour répondre à cet objectif, les pratiques commerciales de 25 producteurs biologiques de deux régions, l’une périphérique, l’autre centrale, ont été analysées. À partir de ces données, un indice de proximité a été attribué à chaque exploitation afin de rendre compte des conditions propices à la mise sur pied d’une commercialisation locale ou de circuits courts. Contrairement à notre hypothèse de base, aucune différence majeure n’a été observée entre les milieux ruraux périphériques et centraux quant à la proportion de producteurs usant de canaux de commercialisation de proximité. Les productions agricoles diversifiées, la transformation sur la ferme et la présence de motifs éthiques à adopter des méthodes biologiques s’avèrent être des indicateurs beaucoup plus pertinents pour expliquer une transition vers une relocalisation de l’agriculture. Enfin, la rigidité de la mise en marché des productions sous contingentement au Québec constitue au contraire un défi supplémentaire afin d’opérer une reconnexion entre l’agriculture et le consommateur. Ce cadre réglementaire représente un blocage important à l’emprunt de canaux de distribution hybrides par les exploitations, incluant à la fois des modes de commercialisation alternatifs et conventionnels. -- Mots clés : agriculture biologique, Québec, relocalisation, modernisation écologique, proximité. -- ABSTRACT : This thesis aims at evaluating the involvement of proximity on trading operations of Quebec organic farmers, and at understanding its underlying factors. Proximity is analyzed through both supply and distribution chains, and the food miles of organic products. To that end, the business practices of 25 organic farmers from one outlying and one central region were analyzed. From the data collected, an index of relocalization was calculated for each farm in order to take into account conditions that favour direct and local marketing. Contrary to our basic assumption, there was no major difference between outlying and central rural areas as far as the proportion of farmers using local marketing channels is concerned. Diversified agricultural production, processing on the farm, and the existence of ethical reasons to opt for organic methods are proving much more relevant in explaining the transition to relocalization of agriculture. Marketing restrictions associated with productions under quota in Quebec pose a challenge in reconnecting agriculture with consumers. Those restrictions are a major barrier to the development of hybridized supply chains on the farms, for both alternative and conventional marketing methods. -- Keywords : organic agriculture, Québec, relocalization, ecological modernization, proximity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.008 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".