The reflexive control of knee stability during movement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Stimulation of the common peroneal nerve (CPN) excites quadriceps (Q) motoneurons, and it is called the CPQ reflex. It has been suggested that the CPQ reflex assists in ground reaction force (GRF) generation during walking when conditions require that, for example, at most commonly used walking speeds or on an incline. This reflex is evoked by neurons in a spinal pathway relaying sensory input from muscle afferents and descending locomotor commands. The CPQ reflex pathway is thought to coordinate sensory input with ongoing motor activity. The aim here was to evaluate the effects of the walking speed of the stimulated leg on the CPQ reflex. The hypothesis that increased speed on one side will reduce the CPQ was tested. Neurologically intact, generally healthy participants (n=12) in the 20-48 years old age range were evaluated under different treadmill walking conditions: both legs walking at the same speed (BLW) or legs walking with different speeds at a ratio 1 to 1.25 (R1.25), 1 to 1.5 (R1.5) and 1 to 2 (R2) so that the right (R) belt speed was increased, and the left belt was kept constant. EMG responses in lower leg muscles were compared in steps with and without stimulation of the CPN at an optimal window after the R heel strike. Our result showed that as speed increased on the R side, the size of the R CPQ reflex showed a tendency to decrease but no significant changes were found, likely due to our sample size (n=5). To understand the factors that may influence the CPQ reflex, the effect of walking speed under the stimulated side on ground reaction forces (GRFs), the stance and swing time and the left-right asymmetry were also examined. Increasing speed amplified the peaks of the anterior-posterior and vertical components of GRFs. We also found that R CPN stimulation altered the left-right asymmetry of the propulsive peak of the GRFs. The findings of this study are important for a better understanding of the CPQ reflex and for using CPN stimulation in clinical settings to improve knee stability during walking.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".