Revisiting age and crime: examining the age characteristics of the criminal population in Courtney/Comox, BritishColumbia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The relationship between age and crime, specifically the finding that crime peaks in late adolescence, has become an accepted fact of criminological research. The consistency of this finding over time and across jurisdictions has led to the common conception that crime is a 'young man's game'. However, this common conception of the age-crime relationship is generally based on past cross-sectional and historical longitudinal data, and fails to consider current criminal populations and contemporary youth. In order to reassess the relationship between age and crime, an analysis was undertaken examining the age characteristics of the criminal population and the associated involvements in criminal activity from the community of Courtenay/Comox, British Columbia, Canada over a one-year period. This analysis focused on both age-distributions of current involvements in crime events and data from the offenders‟ criminal histories. The findings indicated that offenders aged 25 and over were responsible for a considerable proportion of the crime problem; a fact generally not accounted for in the traditional understanding of age and crime. Furthermore, there appears to be the potential for a shift away from the youth concentrated peaks typical to age-crime distributions, refuting claims of an invariant causal relationship in favour of alternative explanations for the relationship. Continued study of age and its role in crime is warranted, as there are several unresolved issues surrounding this enduring topic in criminology.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.004 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".