Sex for sale : a comparative analysis of legal models and the socio-economic determinants informing law reform in South Africa
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The overarching purpose of this research is to establish the need for legislative and policy reform in respect of the exchange of sexual acts for reward and peripheral crimes in South Africa. It has sought to do so through interrogating the context and the socio-economic determinants at work in South Africa, Canada, Sweden and India; and how each country’s unique context intersects with the chosen policy and legal framework. As a starting point the current criminalised legal framework is positioned as a constitutionally permissible legislative choice. In light of the fact that legislatures the world around draft legislation which regulates sensitive areas of morality, it would seem that the underlying question is which interpretation or understanding of morality should be used to inform legislative reform. This thesis is based on the assumption that the chosen legal framework is a policy choice and argues that this policy should be informed by available evidence and rational analysis, as opposed to political ideology. Evidenced-based research has been used to consider the complexity of the primary socio-economic drivers of poverty, inequality, unemployment and intersecting vulnerabilities such as early exposure to sexual violence as causal to entry into the sale of sexual services. Three global themes underpinning the need for law reform have been considered comparatively, including documenting the unfolding developments around law reform. This research has considered South Africa’s obligations in terms of binding international instruments to bring about normative change in respect of gender-based violence; recognise economic and social rights; curtail aspects associated with the exploitation of prostitution; guard against sex tourism; suppress all forms of trafficking in women, and address patriarchy and traditional stereotypes of women as sex objects. It is axiomatic that the solution to a problem sustained by socio-economic drivers is to be found in the disruption of those very same drivers. The outcome of this research is a recommendation in favour of substantive equality in the form of a country-specific legal framework of partial criminalisation coupled with the realisation of socio-economic rights.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".