Simulating acid mine drainage through mine wastes constructed with capillary barrier covers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The evolution of acid mine drainage (AMD) from reactive mine wastes is simulated using the MIN3P finite volume model for coupled groundwater flow, oxygen diffusion and multi-component reactive transport including sulphide oxidation and mineral precipitation and dissolution. The model is applied to a field test cell experiment designed with a capillary barrier effect cover (CCBE) over reactive tailings from the Manitou mine, Val d’Or, Quebec. The preliminary simulations support the conclusion that sulphide oxidation and acid mine drainage can be significantly reduced using capillary barriers. The simulations of the in-situ cell without a CCBE cover reflected extensive sulphide oxidation, including low-pH and elevated concentrations of iron and sulphate. When the same tailings were simulated with a CCBE cover, the predicted drainage was relatively pH-neutral. The results were consistent with the observed data. The model is providing important new insights for comparing design alternatives for reducing or controlling AMD. RÉSUMÉ Le développement du drainage minier acide (DMA) généré par des rejets miniers réactifs est simulé par l’utilisation du modèle MIN3P, considérant le débit des eaux souterraines, la diffusion de l’oxygène et le transport des composants réactifs, y compris l’oxydation des sulfures, la précipitation et la dissolution de minéraux. Le modèle numérique est appliqué à une cellule expérimentale in situ constituée de rejets réactifs recouverts d’une couverture avec effets de
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".