Clayoquot Sound Harmful Algal Blooms Investigation of Herbert Inlet - 2019
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Clayoquot Sound of British Columbia, Canada is a protected biosphere that has been affected by Alexandrium, a known toxic dinoflagellate, that when consumed by humans can cause paralytic shellfish poisoning. The "BLOB" events that heated the water in the Pacific Ocean in 2014 and 2019 created favorable conditions for these algae to flourish in this region. This study focused on analyzing and comparing nitrate, phosphate, and silicate levels, oceanic conditions, and water properties like temperature, salinity, density, dissolved oxygen, fluorescence, and transmissivity for Herbert Inlet in 2014 and 2019. Surface and bottom samples were collected and sent to the University of Washington School of Oceanography Marine Chemistry Lab for analysis. Meteorological data was collected from Tofino airport, and the tidal data was observed at Riley Cove. A CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) instrument was used to record the water properties as it was lowered into the water. For the nutrient data, Microsoft Excel was used to create five number summaries, and box and whisker charts. ArcGIS was used to create station maps and choropleth maps that showed the relative abundance of nutrients at each station. Data from the CTD was plotted and showed significant differences from the previous years. The results showed the nutrient levels in 2019 were lower than 2014, but the temperature in 2019 had increased by 2°C throughout the Inlet, and these warmer waters were starting to make their way into the deeper waters throughout Herbert Inlet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".