Dental, Skeletal and Growth Effects of Malocclusions Treated with the van Beek Headgear Activator and Comprehensive Fixed Orthodontic Appliances
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to retrospectively assess the long term dental and skeletal treatment and growth changes in growing patients with Class II malocclusions treated with the van Beek Headgear Activator (vBHGA) appliance followed by comprehensive fixed orthodontic appliance treatment. A retrospective chart review was undertaken on 40 consecutively treated subjects who were then compared to matched growing untreated control subjects from the Burlington Growth Study and growth forecast simulations. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were used to determine dental, skeletal and growth changes between each treatment phase. Phase 1 vBHGA appliance treatment produced skeletal and dental Class II correction via restraint of maxillary anterior growth, increased mandibular anterior growth, counter clockwise palatal plane rotation, retroclination and retraction of the upper incisors, and proclination and protrusion of the lower incisors resulting in reduced overjet and overbite. The favourable skeletal and dental changes from vBHGA treatment were maintained after the completion of the second treatment phase. The vBHGA appliance was effective in correcting Class II malocclusions by producing favourable skeletal and dental treatment effects in both jaws that were maintained after the completion of phase 2 treatment, in stark contrast to published randomized clinical trials. Success with the vBHGA and potentially other growth modification appliances could be related to patient compliance, timing of the individual’s growth spurt, length of phase 1 treatment, and continued orthopedic retention between the first and second phases of treatment.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".