Effects of Simulated Magnitude 9 Earthquake Motions on Reinforced Concrete Wall Structures in the Pacific Northwest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) can produce long-duration, large-magnitude earthquakes, whose ground motions will be modified by the deep sedimentary basins, which underlie several cities in the Pacific Northwest (e.g., Portland, Seattle, and Vancouver, BC). The effects of these basins on the ground motion duration and frequency content are poorly understood because no recordings are available for large-magnitude earthquakes in this region. To compensate for this paucity of recordings, researchers from the United States Geological Survey and the University of Washington generated ground motions for numerous scenarios of an M9 event. The simulations were generated using deterministic, finite-difference (T>1s) and stochastic (T<1s) approaches. This poster incorporated the results from the M9 simulations into the probabilistic seismic hazard assessment and studied the impact on collapse risk for 36 archetypical, reinforced-concrete-core-wall structures, located in Seattle, and ranging from 4- to 24-stories. The frequency dependent basin amplification increases the spectral accelerations at periods corresponding to tall structures and results in damaging spectral shapes. The duration of the M9 motions are long, but the basins have little effect on the significant duration of the motions. Buildings designed to the minimum requirements set by code (ASCE 7-16) resulted in a collapse risk that exceeded the 1% risk of collapse in 50-year target. It is shown that the 1% target can be achieved by (a) increasing the design forces, (b) decreasing drift limits, or (c) increasing the ductility capacity of the gravity system. The implications for these design changes are quantified in terms of the cross-sectional area of the walls, longitudinal reinforcements, and usable floor space.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".