MAPPING PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTION DOMAINS IN WHEAT RHT-D1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is a common fungal disease on wheat in western Canada, leading to loss of grain yield and reduced quality. Susceptibility to this disease has been linked to the presence of ‘Green Revolution’ alleles, Reduced height-B1b (Rht-B1b) and Reduced height-D1b (Rht-D1b), which produced semi-dwarf wheat varieties that benefited the world by increasing wheat production worldwide and solving food shortages in the 1960s. While these semi-dwarfing alleles are still relevant, farmers are now forced to trade the benefit of having high-yielding wheat crops with the risk of FHB. The semi-dwarf phenotype is caused by an altered DELLA protein that inhibits the gibberellic acid signalling pathway, which regulates major aspects of plant growth. DELLA proteins are also involved in various signalling pathways including jasmonate signalling, which controls plant defenses against biotic and abiotic stresses. The goal of my research is to separate these two functions by mapping the protein-protein interaction domain of RHT-D1 with other proteins involved in plant growth, and disease resistance. Through a yeast two-hybrid assay, the interaction domain for GA-receptor, GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1), in the presence of GA is within the N-terminal DELLA regulatory domain. However, it is also reported that wheat RHT-D1 can interact with wheat GID1 independent of GA. Protein truncations containing the RHT-D1 C-terminus display GA-independent interaction with wheat GID1 which is inconsistent with A. thaliana DELLAs. The RHT-D1 and wheat GID1 protein complex structure is predicted using AlphaFold3 and potential crucial amino acid residues required for this interaction are identified. On the other hand, another DELLA interaction partner, wheat jasmonate ZIM-domain1 (JAZ1), a protein involved in JA signalling, and wheat cryptochrome (CRY1) were found to interact with the C-terminal GRAS functional domain of RHT-D1. My findings indicate potential mutation targets for breeding wheat varieties that retain high yield potential, yet are resistant to diseases like FHB. Furthermore, my novel finding of GA-independent interaction between RHT-D1 and wheat GID1 may unveil a protein function of wheat RHT-1s distinct from A. thaliana DELLAs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".