Mi'kmaw Catholicism: oral tradition, transculturation, and resistance in Mi'kma'ki
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Mi’kmaw Nation has lived in Mi’kma’ki for at least 11,000 years. In the time of early colonial efforts in Turtle Island, the Mi’kmaq submitted Catholicism to processes of transculturation which allowed it to be meaningful and beneficial to them. The decision to adopt and adapt Catholicism was validated by the oral traditions of the Mi’kmaq. Since this time, Mi’kmaw stories have come to reflect the various ways that Mi’kmaw Catholicism is understood, practiced, and valued by this Nation. This dissertation employs Mi’kmaw stories primarily from the mid-to-late 1800s to investigate Mi’kmaw Catholicism. Indigenous methodologies are the foundation of this work. Postcolonial theory and story as theory are used to understand the Mi’kmaq’s perspectives of their religious tradition as well as the role that story played in its process of transculturation. Relationships between story and the uptake of Catholicism, Mi’kmaw identity, agency, resistance, and imagining a path to a just reality are explored. I believe that telling stories that incorporate Mi’kmaw Catholicism was a way to express the lived realities of the Mi’kmaq; a way to preserve voice and resist erasure. It seems that stories provided a location for the transculturation of Catholicism to occur, bringing both Mi’kmaq and Catholic actors into conversation with each other. Ultimately, I believe that stories allowed the Mi’kmaq to imagine a reality in which their religion, their families, and msit no’kmaq, all my relations, flourished.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.009 | 0.013 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.005 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".