Myoclonus cortical generators in Unverricht-Lundborg disease: an electric source imaging study
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Purpose: To localize the cortical generator of myoclonic jerks in progressive myoclonic epilepsy (Unverricht-Lundborg disease) applying the Electrical Source Immaging method (ESI). Method: 3 patients (2 female, 1 male, age: 17–48 yrs) affected by Unverricht- Lundborg disease underwent a 256—channels EEG with concomitant polygraphic recording. Provocative manouvres were conducted during the exam to elicit myoclonic jerks. EEG (electroencephalographic) and EMG (electromyographic) traces were analyzed off line. For the other 2 patients, a back-averaging of the myoclonic EMG activity and corresponding EEG abnormalities was performed. Analysis was conducted off line. A mean of 15 jerk-locked EEG potentials for each patients were averaged, and projected through a LORETA algorithm on an MNI (Montreal Neurological Institute) brain template in order to identify the cortical generator. Result: Jerk-locked EEG potentials were recognizable over the centrofrontal derivations, with a slight lateralization in each single case. ESI elaboration localizes the cortical generator over the anterior premotor frontal cortex (pt 1: Brodman area 6, pt 2: Brodman area 10; pt 3: Brodman area 11), with a lateralization concordant with the EEG potentials (2 right hemisphere, 1 left). Conclusion: ESI is a technique that permits cortical source localization of EEG potentials. Its application to this rare form of epilepsy depicts the important role of the pre-motor and frontal cortex in the myoclonic jerk's generation. To our knowledge, this is the first report describing the cortical source generation from the anterior/premotor cortex. Since only the jerk-locked potential was examined, we can not infer on the involved networks.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it