Opportunities and Challenges Facing Ukraines Democratic Transition
Bibliographic record
Abstract
According to new polling by the National Democratic Institute (NDI), Ukrainians are steadfast in their commitment to their country's democratic future. 76 percent of respondents want Ukraine to become a fully functioning democracy, with human rights protection, equal justice for all, freedom of speech and free and fair elections. Ukrainians want stability, security and peace. A strong majority of Ukrainians support a European future: 58 percent of respondents said they want to see Ukraine become a member of the European Union; and 48 percent want to see Ukraine become a member of NATO. Russian military aggression is the biggest perceived threat: 60 percent of respondents said that it's a big threat to their way of life, followed by economic uncertainty at 57 percent. Nationally, 52 percent of respondents say that Ukraine is going in the wrong direction, significantly more than in July 2021 (46 percent). While demand for change and greater government accountability is high, Ukrainians respect the rule of law and expect their leaders to do the same: 89 percent of respondents believe that the President should always respect the rule of law when working to deliver results. The survey was designed and conducted by the National Democratic Institute in Ukraine. The fieldwork was conducted by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology from December 1, 2021 to January 10, 2022, via face-to-face method with 6,232 completed interviews. The survey is nationally representative. Areas outside the control of the Ukrainian government were excluded. The average margin of error for the national sample is +/- 3%. The research is funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), Sweden, UK Aid and Global Affairs Canada
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.013 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.010 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.013 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".