Packed red blood cells and stored whole blood transfusions in dogs. A retrospective study in 86 recipients transfused at a Canadian veterinary teaching hospital
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Veterinary transfusion medicine is an essential part of therapy for critical patients in small animals. Many updates have been made in recent years and blood transfusion (either packed red blood cell, PRBC or stored whole blood, SWB) has been used to treat different disorders inducing canine anemia to improve oxygen delivery to the peripheral tissues (1,2,3). The aims of this study were to classify anemia in transfused-recipients and to analyze the hematocrit (Hct) value increase post-transfusion in relation to: pre-transfusion Hct, type of anemia (acute or chronic), type of product used (PRBC or SWB), donor’s Hct and storage age of the blood product. Medical records of 86 patients (different for breed, gender and age) who received about 10-20 ml/kg of PRBC or FWB were collected at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Montreal, Canada. The anemia was classified according to Hct, MCV, MCHC, \nand regeneration degree. The pre-transfusion Hct (T0) was compared to post-transfusion Hct \nat T1 (range 0-4h), T2 (4-16h), T3 (16-34h), T4 (34-50h) and T5 (more than 50h after transfusion) (Spearman test). The pre-transfusion Hct was compared to post-transfusion Hct \nin dogs with acute or chronic anemia transfused with either PRBC (n. 100) or SWB (n. 19). Furthermore, the influence of the storage and Hct of blood donor (blood products) used on post-transfusion Hct was assessed (Mann-Whitney test).The main cause for transfusion was \nacute and severe, macrocytic and hypochromic anemia with a moderate-high grade of \nregeneration due to hemorrhage. Pre-transfusion Hct of the recipient influenced the degree of \nthe increase of post-transfusion Hct only in chronic anemia (moderately inversely proportional at T1 and T4, rho >-0.500; and strongly inversely proportional at T5, rho <-0.600). The type of \nblood product did not affect post-transfusion Hct. There were no differences between the increases of Hct in recipient affected by acute or chronic anemia receiving blood products with different Hct values. The increase in Hct post-transfusion was greater when less than 10- \ndays old stored blood product was used (P=0.0329). In chronic anemia, lower pre-transfusion Hct was observed which was related with greater increase of post-transfusion Hct. In both chronic and acute anemias, both PRBC and SWB showed to be useful for improving the posttransfusion Hct. The use of blood products less than 10 days old was associated with a greater increase in post-transfusion Hct, possibly related to a greater viability of the transfusion cells less affected by "storage lesion".
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".