The Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Vitamin D
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: As vitamin Dis known to have functions in bone homeostasis and immune system regulation, it is plausible that vitamin D levels could affect the progression of periodontal disease. Currently, there is conflicting evidence regarding the role of vitamin D in the progression of periodontal disease. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between plasma 2S{OH}D concentration and periodontal disease measured by gingival inflammation {GI} and loss of attachment {LOA}. It is hypothesized that lower 2S{OH}D levels will be associated with higher measures for GI and LOA. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Canadian Health Measures Survey {CHMS} on subjects aged 13 - 79 years of age. Vitamin D status was determined by measuring plasma 25{OH}D concentrations in nmol/L. Periodontal disease was measured by assessing (GI} using Lee's gingival index and by calculating (LOA}. Student's t-tests and chi-square tests were used to perform a bivariate analysis between potential independent variables including 2S(OH}D and the dependent variables of GI and LOA. Multiple logistic regression analyses were then performed for GI and LOA to determine the adjusted correlation between 2S{OH}D and GI and 25{OH}D and LOA and to control for potential confounding variables. Results: Plasma 25{OH}D concentration less than 50 nmol/L and less than 75 nmol/L, but not mean plasma 2S{OH}D concentration, were associated with GI at the bivariate level. However, no association was found between mean plasma 25(OH}D concentration, 2S(OH}D concentration less than 50 nmol/, or 25(OH}D concentration less than 75 nmol/L and GI in the multiple regression analysis. None of mean plasma 25{OH}D concentration, 25{OH}D concentration less than 50 nmol/L, or 2S(OH}D concentration less than 75 nmol/L were associated with LOA at the bivariate level. A statistically significant association was observed between 2S(OH}D concentration less than 75 nmol/L and LOA in the multiple regression analysis, but not mean plasma 2S{OH}D concentration or 2S{OH}D concentration less than 50 nmol/L. Conclusion: Vitamin D status was inversely associated with GI at the bivariate level, but not at the multivariate level. Conversely, vitamin D status was not associated with LOA at the bivariate level, but it was inversely associated with LOA at the multivariate level. These results provide modest evidence supporting a relationship between low plasma 25(OH}D concentrations and periodontal disease as measured by GI and LOA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".